Roles and powers of government branches.
House of Representatives
Population-based chamber; 2-year terms.
Senate
Two senators per state; 6-year terms.
Speaker of the House
Leader of the House majority.
Filibuster
Senate delay tactic (rules-dependent).
Veto
President rejects a bill.
Pocket veto
Bill dies if unsigned and Congress adjourns.
Executive order
Presidential directive managing executive operations.
Cabinet
Heads of executive departments advising President.
Supreme Court
Highest federal court; justices.
Judicial nomination
President nominates; Senate confirms.
Impeachment
House impeaches; Senate tries.
Treaty power
President negotiates; Senate consents.
Power of the purse
Congress controls taxing/spending.
Commander in Chief
President leads armed forces.