Neurons and brain basics.
Neuron
Nerve cell that transmits signals.
Action potential
Electrical spike down axon.
Neurotransmitter
Chemical messenger at synapse.
Synapse
Gap between neurons.
Dopamine
Reward/movement-related transmitter.
Serotonin
Mood/sleep-related transmitter.
Acetylcholine
Memory/muscle control transmitter.
Sympathetic NS
Fight-or-flight arousal.
Parasympathetic NS
Rest-and-digest calming.
Hippocampus
Memory formation.
Amygdala
Emotion, especially fear.
Frontal lobe
Planning, judgment, movement.
Plasticity
Brain's ability to reorganize.
Hemisphere specialization
Left/right functional tendencies.