Distinguish weather, climate, and climate drivers.
Weather
Short-term atmospheric conditions.
Climate
Long-term average weather of a region.
Atmosphere
Layer of gases surrounding Earth.
Humidity
Amount of water vapor in air.
Precipitation
Rain, snow, sleet, or hail falling to Earth.
Front
Boundary between air masses.
High pressure
Usually associated with clearer, calmer weather.
Low pressure
Often associated with clouds and storms.
Greenhouse gas
Gas that traps heat in the atmosphere (e.g. CO₂).
Global warming
Long-term rise in Earth's average temperature.
Climate change
Broader long-term shifts in climate patterns.
Fossil fuels
Coal, oil, gas formed from ancient organisms.
Renewable energy
Energy from sources that replenish (solar, wind).
Carbon footprint
Total greenhouse gases linked to an activity/person.